There are usually only a few possibilities when two plates come up against each other. If your web browser has the proper plugin installed, clicking on the pdf will bring the file into your web browser from which you can then print the notes. North carolina essential standards physical science. Each type of interaction will give a unique geographical result that helps scientists understand earth movements deep. Earth system science is available in electronic format through nasa. Natural earth shapefile character encoding is specified in the code page flag in the shapefiles dbf file and for additional compatibility is also specified in the cpg file. The composition of earth the earth is divided into several layers with different composition and physical properties. Areas on the earth that share middle eastern studies. Nov 26, 2015 on this page you can read or download o level physical geography notes pdf in pdf format. In the following discussion of the interior of the earth, we will use facts from these sources to con sider layering, the existence of openings, and the physical state and composition of the rocks and minerals presumed to occur in the earth. Earth science also known as geoscience, is an inclusive term for all sciences related to earth geology, meteorology, oceanography, etc. All of these events happen when two large pieces of land begin to move. Explain why physical characteristics of place such as landforms, bodies of water, climate, and.
They live in thin upper part of oceans and everywhere onwithin the land mass. Pdf structure and physical properties of the earths interior. The oldest continental rocks are billions of years old, so the continents have had a lot of time for things to happen to them. Earth, moon, or asteroid created from a terrains elevation data. Although larger than the other inner planets, earth is much smaller than the gas giants found in the outer solar system. It is the only planet known to have an atmosphere containing free oxygen, oceans of liquid water on its surface, and, of course, life. Select from these educational resources to teach middle school students more about physical. Earth s outer layer lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over many millions of years. What are the physical characteristics of the earth. The student is expected to identify and compare the physical characteristics of the sun, earth, and moon.
There are two very different types of crust, each with its own distinctive physical and chemical properties. In the center of the mantle, the rock is viscousit flows like syrup. Environmental science studies the interactions between the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment, including their effects on all types of organisms. An introduction to physical geology 11th edition pdf. The third planet from the sun, the earth has an atmosphere that contains. Earth is the densest planet in the solar system and the largest and most massive of the four rocky planets. The core is the densest layer and makes up about onethird of earth s mass. When a teacher submits a file, it is catalogued and placed into a database. Our home, earth, is the third planet from the sun and the only world known to support an atmosphere with free oxygen, oceans of liquid water on the surface and the big one life.
Crustal deformationwhen crust compresses, pulls apart, or slides past other crustresults in hills, valleys, and other. Some are global factors that affect all parts of earth. Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of indiana to neighboring states using words, illustrations, maps, photographs, and other resources. Approximately 67% of earths mass is found in this layer.
Earth s layers are made of different mixtures of elements. People create regions to interpret earth s complexity mathematics operations and algebraic thinking 1. Suspended solids in water may consist of inorganic or organic particles or of immiscible liquids oils or greases. The shallow subsurface structure of the earth is important to understand for many economic and safety reasons. The pdf portable document format versions of the lecture notes are optimized for printing. The characteristics, distribution, and migration of human populations on earths surface 10. Soils and soil physical properties introduction 5 lecture 1. Readiness standard b demonstrate that some mixtures maintain physical properties of.
It is made up of a variety of rocks and can reach up. Earths physical features national geographic society. Earth facts for kids interesting facts about planet earth. Biology scientist study geology for tracing the historical evolution of creature in its first appearance until this time. Its the only planet known to have an atmosphere containing free oxygen, oceans of water on its surface and, of course, life. Ps earth science ps earth science the university of the state of new york regents high school examination physical setting earth science friday, june 20, 2008 1. Characteristics of crude oil the hydrocarbons in crude oil can generally be divided into four categories. Crust the crust is the thinnest layer of the earth and is the layer we live on. Physical parameters define those characteristics of water that respond to the senses of sight, touch, taste or smell. The lithosphere lithosphere is comprised of the upper mantle and the crust, the outer shell of the earth. Download file pdf physical science study guide grade 11 guides. Almost all the earthquakes and volcanoes on the surface of the earth happen at these precisely defined boundaries. List and describe different categories of minerals.
The shorter the paraffins are, the lighter the crude is. The earth also has gravity and magnetic force fields. Earthquakes 5 earthquake characteristics an earthquake is a trembling of the ground that results from the sudden shifting of rock beneath the earth s crust. Physical boundaries include oceans, cliffs, or valleys. The physical characteristics of the earth include its size and composition. Layers of the earth page 3 1 ziploc bag labeled d with a marble inner core 4.
The problem is usually difficult due to complexity of the earths subsurface processes especially near the surface. Temperature, density, and viscosity ability to flow. Earths surface features are the result of constructive and destructive forces. Identify rockforming minerals by physical and chemical properties. The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used. Physical and chemical characteristics of potential seal strata in regions considered for demonstrating geological saline co 2 sequestration craig a. Axis an imaginary line running from the north pole to the south pole through the center of the earth. Physical and human characteristics the theme of place addresses this question. Geographers describe a place by two kinds of characteristics. Soils fundamental concepts the soil in perspective.
The student will be able to identify the layers of the earth and explain specific characteristics of each layer 2. Earth is a terrestrial planet with liquid water covering roughly 70 percent of its solid surface. The top boundary, the moho, is made up of solid rock. Nov 08, 2016 in geography, boundaries separate different regions of earth. Physical characteristics of mars planetary sciences, inc. The earth is composed of layers of different composition and physical properties, principally the solid central core, the fluid peripheral core, the viscous mantle, and the solid. Biosphere main characteristics biosphere is a part of the earth where all organisms plants and animals live. The composition and structure of earth physical geography. The earth is the only planet known to support life. How culture and experience influence peoples perceptions of places and regions 9.
Characteristics of the earth by ron kurtus succeed in. Constructive forces cause physical features on earth s surface known as landforms to grow. A physical boundary is a naturally occurring barrier between two or more areas. A veil of darkness cloaks the natural beauty of caves. An introduction to physical geology 11th edition pdf, epub, docx and torrent then this site is not for you. Higher geography physical environments biosphere soils. Physical and chemical characteristics of potential seal. The problem is usually difficult due to complexity of the earth s subsurface processes especially near the surface. They move relative to each other causing tectonic activity only at their boundaries where interactions with other plates occur. A study of common beliefs and misconceptions in physical science.
Each is designed to expand our minds when thinking about the solar system. The earth is covered by 12 large, stable lithospheric plates. Origin and evolution of earth the national academies press. Physical characteristics physical characteristics include shape, size and composition. The slow processes of mechanical and chemical weathering and erosion work over time to change once high mountains into smooth. That people create regions to interpret earths complexity 6. It is also true that the study of soils can be both fascinating and intellectually satisfying. The sun, earth, and cardinal directions students record the position of the sun in the morning and afternoon and make connections.
The big ideas in fifth grade science include learning about the life, earth, and physical sciences by exploring them within the framework of the following topics. Physical oceanographers study the interaction of the ocean with the atmosphere, how the ocean stores and releases heat, the physical properties or chemical content of water throughout the ocean, and the formation and movement of currents and coastal dynamics. The earth s axis of rotation is at a constant tilt with respect to its orbit around the sun, resulting in the change of seasons. Atmosphere the pocket of air that surrounds the earth. Students will identify similarities and differences between the physical processes that occur on earth and mars classify images of earth and mars. Put simply, a volcano is an opening usually in a mountain in the earths surface from which gas, hot magma and ash can escape. This audio file was created from a revision of the article earth dated 201206. Physical oceanography is the study of the physical properties and dynamic processes of the oceans. Our mission to planet earth pdf american geosciences institute. National geographic kids is an exciting monthly read for planetpassionate boys and girls, aged. Climate factors are the conditions that affect the climate characteristics of a particular location. These are tables showing the physical characteristics of earth. The crust is very thin, relative to the radius of the planet.
A number of geophysical methods are used for this purpose using different physical characteristics of the earth. The student knows that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world and among the sun, earth and moon system. The eruption of a new volcano creates a new landform. Describe how these differences in physical characteristics among individuals in a. Physical characteristics of the sun, earth and moon flipbook is an activity that i use in my classroom to pull together, in one place, all of the physical characteristics the students have learn about these three objects over the past few days of research. The size of the earth and the distance from the sun is critical to life on earth. Severe earthquakes destroy power and telephone lines, gas, sewer, or water mains, which, in turn, may set off fires. Students will then model the earth s revolution or orbit around the sun on an inclined axis 23. Select from these educational resources to teach middle school students more about physical boundaries. Suspended solids, turbidity, colour, taste and odour and temperature fall into this category. Earth is the fifth largest of the planets in the solar system smaller than the four gas giants, jupiter,saturn, uranus and neptune, but larger than the three other rocky planets,mercury, mars and venus. Essential understanding the student knows that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world and among the sun, earth and moon system. List the physical characteristics of minerals that are influenced by their crystalline structure. Earth systems interactions california state university.
All three of these activities focus on three main topics. Paraffins are the desired content in crude and what are used to make fuels. Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems with unknowns in all positions e. Earth is an average distance of 93 million mi150 million km from the sun or one au astronomical unit. Its surface area is only slightly less than the total area of earths dry land. Earth is the third planet from the sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
The physical and human characteristics of places 5. Minerals definition, types, and identification department. The student will be able to label the earth s interior. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed december 2014 learn how and when to remove this template message. Barman, indiana university purdue university indianapolis. In higher altitude, uv radiation and low temperatures disable life to spread. If youre looking for a free download links of earth. Earth is also divided into layers based on physical properties, such as whether the layer is solid or liquid. Sea water has an important influence on the worlds climate, with the oceans acting as a. A digital elevation model dem is a 3d cg representation of a terrains surface commonly of a planet e.
The word volcano comes from the roman name vulcan the roman god of fire. World geography teacher notes for the georgia standards of excellence in social studies georgia department of education 5. Earthquakes 5 earthquake characteristics an earthquake is a trembling of the ground that results from the sudden shifting of rock beneath the earths crust. Well talk about faulting, folding, a dip slip, and a strike slip. Remote satellite images of earth and mars are used to compare and contrast physical processes that occur on both planets. It is less dense than earth, having about 15% of earths volume and 11% of the mass. If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v.
This theme considers the characteristics that make one place different from all other places on earth. Lithosphere and asthenosphere are divisions based on mechanical properties. The layer of earth beneath the crust is called the mantle. A fundamental knowledge of soil science is a prerequisite to meeting the many natural resource challenges that will face humanity in the 21st century. Version 3 of natural earth switched to utf8 and version 4 fixed encoding conversion errors and omissions. In geography, boundaries separate different regions of earth. While mars is larger and more massive than mercury, mercury has a higher density. A global dem refers to a discrete global grid dems are used often in geographic information systems, and are the most common basis for digitally produced relief maps. The 3 types of soil studied as part of the higher geography course are.
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